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| Year : 2012 | Volume
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| Issue : 1 | Page : 87-88 |
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| A facial talon cusp on maxillary permanent central incisors |
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Suneelkumar Chinni1, Mayuri Nanneboyina2, Anilkumar Ramachandran3, Hanuman Chalapathikumar4
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vaidik Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
3 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
4 Department of Prosthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Chintareddy Palem, Andhra Pradesh, India
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| Date of Submission | 30-Apr-2011 |
| Date of Decision | 06-Jul-2011 |
| Date of Acceptance | 05-Aug-2011 |
| Date of Web Publication | 4-Feb-2012 |
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 Abstract | | |
Talon cusp is a dental anomaly that occurs as an accessory cusp like structure, from the cingulum of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Lingual location is usually considered pathognomic. This case report discuss about the unusual appearance of talon cusp on the facial surface of the maxillary left permanent central incisor and a mild talon cusp on the facial surface of the maxillary right permanent central incisor. Keywords: Facial cusp; maxillary permanent central incisors; talon cusp
How to cite this article:
Chinni S, Nanneboyina M, Ramachandran A, Chalapathikumar H. A facial talon cusp on maxillary permanent central incisors. J Conserv Dent 2012;15:87-8 |
How to cite this URL:
Chinni S, Nanneboyina M, Ramachandran A, Chalapathikumar H. A facial talon cusp on maxillary permanent central incisors. J Conserv Dent [serial online] 2012 [cited 2023 Dec 4];15:87-8. Available from: https://www.jcd.org.in/text.asp?2012/15/1/87/92615 |
| Introduction | |  |
Talon cusp is a morphologically well delineated accessory cusp. It is an anomalous structure projecting from the cingulum area or the cemento enamel junction, and extending to at least half the distance to the incisal edge of the maxillary or the mandibular anterior teeth in both the primary and permanent dentitions. [1] Lingual location of the talon cusp is considered pathognomonic. [2]
Males show a higher frequency of talon cusp than females. It may be unilateral or bilateral, with a predilection for maxilla over mandible, and more common in the permanent dentition. The most commonly involved teeth are the maxillary lateral incisors in the permanent dentition. [3] This is a case report of a patient with the rare anomaly of facial talon cusp on the maxillary left permanent central incisor and a mild talon cusp on the maxillary right permanent central incisor.
| Case Report | | |
A 25-year-old male reported to the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics for the restoration of his carious teeth. Examination of the oral cavity revealed a well-defined talon cusp i.e 3 to 5 mm in width and extends in height from cemento enamel junction to 1 mm short of the incisal edgeon the facial surface of the maxillary left permanent central incisor and a mild talon cusp on the facial surface of the maxillary right permanent central incisor, and congenitally missing maxilary first pre-molars. Talon cusp of the maxillary left permanent central incisor extended from the cementoenamel junction to 1 mm short of the incisal edge from the crown labially [Figure 1]. Radiographic image shows a prominent V-shaped radioopaque structure superimposed on maxillary left permanent central incisor and mild V-shaped radioopaque structure superimposed on maxillary right permanent central incisor [Figure 2]. The affected tooth responded normally to electric pulp testing. The medical history was non contributory. | Figure 1: Facial talon cusp i.e 3 to 5 mm in width and extends in height from cemento enamel junction to 1 mm short of the incisal edge on the facial surface of the maxillary left permanent central incisor and a mild talon cusp on the facial surface of the maxillary right permanent central incisor
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 | Figure 2: Radiographic image shows a prominent V-shaped radioopaque structure superimposed on maxillary left permanent central incisor and mild V-shaped radioopaque structure superimposed on maxillary right permanent central incisor
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| Discussion | | |
Talon cusp usually occurs on the lingual surfaces of teeth. Prevalence rates of the lingual talon cusps as per studies by different authors, and references to case reports of facial talon cusps in literature have been given in [Table 1] and [Table 2] respectively. Talon cusp is usually asymptomatic, and often diagnozed as an incidental finding on routine dental examination. If symptomatic, talon cusp usually causes problems related to occlusion, speech and aesthetics. Associated grooves may lead to plaque retention leading to dental caries. If cusp is severely worn off due to masticatory forces, it may lead to pulpal exposure. Direct composite restorations can be considered for aesthetic correction of the talon cusp if present on labial surface. | Table 1: Prevalence of lingual talon cusps as per studies by different authors
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 | Table 2: Case reports of facial talon cusps by various authors in literature
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For the present case, no treatment was rendered due to lack of parental consent owing to superstitious beliefs. Occlusal Composite restorations were carried out for the posterior teeth which was the chief complaint of the patient.
Etiology of talon cusp is not clear. It has been postulated that the formation of this anomaly occurs during the morphodifferentiation stage. It is also suggested that its formation may be a result of upward folding of the inner enamel epithelial layer and transient focal hyperplasia of the mesenchymal dental papilla. According to another opinion, the formation of talon cusp may be due to hyperproductivity of the anterior ends of dental lamina. It is considered that talon cusp can originate as a result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. [4]
There was no data on the other affected family members and no history of consanguinity with the parents was present. Maxillary first premolar was missing in each quadrant. There were no clinical signs or symptoms of any genetic syndromes. No obvious developmental abnormalities were seen. For these reasons, the findings of facial talon cusp in this case should be considered as an isolated developmental abnormality.[10]
| References | | |
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| 2. | McNamara T, Haeussler AM, Keane J. Facial talon cusps. Int J Paediatr Dent 1997;7:259-62.
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| 3. | Davis PJ, Brook AH. The presentation of talon cusp: Diagnosis, clinical features, associations and possible aetiology. Br Dent J 1986;160:84-8.
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| 4. | Oredugba FA. Mandibular facial talon cusp: Case report. BMC Oral Health 2005;8:5-9.
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| 5. | Sedano HO, Freyre IC, Garza de la Garza ML, Gomar Franco CM, Grimaldo Hernandez C, Hernandez Montoya ME, et al. Clinical orodental abnormalities in mexican children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1989;68:300-11.
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| 6. | Rusmah, Meon. Talon cusp in Malaysia. Aust Dent J 1991;36:11-4.
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| 7. | Chu SY, Ki Y, Chu V, Lee CK. An audit of concomitant dental anomalies with maxillary talon cusps in a group of children from Honkkong. Prim Dent Care 2008;15:153-6.
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| 8. | Hamasha AA, Safadi RA. Prevalence of talon cusps in Jordanian permanent teeth: A radiographic study. BMC Oral Health 2010;20:10-6.
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| 9. | Glavina D, Skrinjaric T. Labial Talon Cusp on Maxillary Central Incisors: A Rare Developmental Dental Anomaly. Coll Antropol 2005;1:227-31.
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| 10. | Shashikiran ND, Babaji P, Reddy VV. Double Facial and Lingual trace talon cusps: A case report. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2005;23:89-9.
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Correspondence Address:
Suneelkumar Chinni
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, PillaraiKuppam, Puducherry
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.92615
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2] |
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| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Prevalence of talon cusp: Systematic literature review, meta-analysis and new scoring system |
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| Pierre-Hadrien Decaup, Elsa Garot, Patrick Rouas | | Archives of Oral Biology. 2021; 125: 105112 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
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